What is the mechanism of migraine?

Dilation and inflammation of cephalic arteries and intracranial extra cerebral arteries cause the migraine headache. The migraine-associated symptoms result from the activation of the sympathetic nervous system caused by the pain.

Can beta blockers cause headaches?

Effects on the central nervous system include headache, depression, confusion, dizziness, nightmares, and hallucinations. Beta blockers may cause shortness of breath in asthmatics. Sexual dysfunction may also occur.

Do beta blockers cause vasoconstriction or vasodilation?

beta 1-blockers with beta 2 agonist activity are vasodilatory because they activate postsynaptic beta 2 receptors on vascular smooth muscle cell membranes, via the formation of cyclic AMP.

Are migraines caused by vasodilation or vasoconstriction?

Migraine Headaches Migraine is a form of vascular headache caused by a combination of vasodilatation and the release of chemicals from nerve fibers surrounding the blood vessels.

What causes migraine progression?

Several conditions are known to add to risk of progression. These include-anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder), significant stress events in the prior two years, and insomnia.

Which anticonvulsant may also be used as prophylaxis for migraine headaches?

Depakote and sodium valproate are two anticonvulsant drugs that are used for migraine prophylaxis. They are amongst the first-line agents used for migraine prevention.

How do calcium channel blockers work for migraines?

Calcium channel blockers have assumed a significant role in the prevention of migraine and cluster headaches. The beneficial effects of these agents are attributed to their ability to inhibit the movement of calcium ions across the cell membranes. This prevents mechanical contraction of the muscle wall of the artery.

Does metoprolol cause migraines?

The main side effects of metoprolol are headaches, and feeling dizzy, sick or tired – these are usually mild and short-lived. Metoprolol also goes by the brand name Lopresor. When given by injection, it may be called by the brand name Betaloc.

Do Beta 2 blockers cause vasoconstriction?

Since β2 adrenergic receptors can cause vascular smooth muscle dilation, beta blockers may cause some vasoconstriction. However, this effect tends to be small because the activity of β2 receptors is overshadowed by the more dominant vasoconstricting α1 receptors.